Pepper spray is a commonly carried self-defense tool that offers a convenient and compact way to remain prepared for a an unexpected run-in with an attacker. Most pepper spray devices are small enough to remain concealed and hidden but can still be easily accessible in an emergency situation. Other pepper sprays utilize a point-and-shoot handgun style design and discharge method for more range and impact. Most common pepper spray devices utilize oleoresin capsicum (OC), which directly attacks an attacker's respiratory system, primarily by causing extreme swelling to the eyes and mucus membranes and immobilizing the majority of those affected by the discharge. In many cases, the effects from a well-deployed pepper spray can last for up to an hour, offering the victim of an attack to make a timely getaway from the disoriented attacker.